Handbook on Child and Adolescent Behavior and Health opens with a summary of the tools and diagnostic instruments commonly used in both clinical practice and scientific research for children with autism spectrum disorders. The concept of community integration, an important aspect of rehabilitation, is examined in the context of developmental delay disorders, with a reference to Indian context. The authors go on to examine the poverty-related attainment gap in Glasgow, which contains more than half of the 100 most deprived areas in Scotland. An approach to the study of childhood cancer focusing on the parents themselves is presented. Despite the previous work on this issue, there is great controversy regarding the conclusions drawn. Similarly, a study is presented which aims to describe mothers’ experiences caring for children with chronic kidney disease in conservative kidney management. An attempt is made to understand the critical factors which play an important role in developing the skills and competencies in children pertaining to resilience, social and emotional domains. The authors describe research from around the world on cyberbullying to examine the nature, extent, causes, and consequences related to children and adolescents’ involvement in these behaviors. The direct net effects of economic development, the level of globalization, internet use, and gender on adolescent fertility are assessed using the bio-ecological model. In addition, the social determinants of recent alcohol use and heavy episodic drinking among African Americans aged 18 to 25 years are assessed. Subsequently, the current understanding of the etiology, clinical features, evaluation, and natural history of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is described. Lastly, the main pathogenic and clinical aspects of infective endocarditis in children are presented, as well as an insight into the available therapeutic options.